1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
use extractable_macro::Extractable;
use puffin::codec::{Codec, Reader};
use puffin::error::Error;
use puffin::protocol::{Extractable, OpaqueProtocolMessage, ProtocolMessage, ProtocolTypes};
use puffin::trace::{Knowledge, Source};
use puffin::{atom_extract_knowledge, dummy_extract_knowledge};

use crate::protocol::SshProtocolTypes;

#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct OnWireData(pub Vec<u8>);

impl Codec for OnWireData {
    fn encode(&self, bytes: &mut Vec<u8>) {
        bytes.extend_from_slice(&self.0);
    }

    fn read(reader: &mut Reader) -> Option<Self> {
        let data = <Vec<u8> as Codec>::read(reader)?;
        Some(OnWireData(data))
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Extractable)]
#[extractable(SshProtocolTypes)]
pub enum RawSshMessage {
    #[extractable_no_recursion]
    Banner(String),
    #[extractable_no_recursion]
    Packet(BinaryPacket),
    #[extractable_no_recursion]
    OnWire(OnWireData),
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Extractable)]
#[extractable(SshProtocolTypes)]
pub struct BinaryPacket {
    payload: Vec<u8>,
    random_padding: Vec<u8>,
    mac: Vec<u8>,
}

impl Codec for BinaryPacket {
    fn encode(&self, bytes: &mut Vec<u8>) {
        let padding_length = self.random_padding.len();
        let payload_length = self.payload.len();
        let packet_length = payload_length + padding_length + 1;
        (packet_length as u32).encode(bytes);
        (padding_length as u8).encode(bytes);
        bytes.extend_from_slice(&self.payload);
        bytes.extend_from_slice(&self.random_padding);
        bytes.extend_from_slice(&self.mac);
    }

    fn read(reader: &mut Reader) -> Option<Self> {
        let packet_length = u32::read(reader)?;
        let padding_length = u8::read(reader)?;
        let payload_length = packet_length as usize - padding_length as usize - 1;
        let payload = Vec::from(reader.take(payload_length)?);
        let random_padding = Vec::from(reader.take(padding_length as usize)?);
        let mac = Vec::from(reader.take(0_usize)?); // TODO: parse non-zero

        Some(BinaryPacket {
            payload,
            random_padding,
            mac,
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct NameList {
    names: Vec<String>,
}

impl NameList {
    pub fn empty() -> NameList {
        Self { names: vec![] }
    }
}

impl Codec for NameList {
    fn encode(&self, bytes: &mut Vec<u8>) {
        let names = self.names.join(",");
        let names_bytes = names.as_bytes(); // ASCII is valid UTF-8
        (names_bytes.len() as u32).encode(bytes);
        bytes.extend_from_slice(names_bytes);
    }

    fn read(reader: &mut Reader) -> Option<Self> {
        let length = u32::read(reader)?;
        let names = if length > 0 {
            let names = std::str::from_utf8(reader.take(length as usize)?).ok()?;
            names.split(',').map(str::to_string).collect()
        } else {
            Vec::new()
        };
        Some(NameList { names })
    }
}

macro_rules! declare_name_list (
  ($name:ident) => {
    #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
    pub struct $name(pub NameList);

    impl puffin::codec::Codec for $name {
      fn encode(&self, bytes: &mut Vec<u8>) {
        NameList::encode(&self.0, bytes);
      }

      fn read(r: &mut puffin::codec::Reader) -> Option<Self> {
        Some($name(NameList::read(r)?))
      }
    }
  }
);

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Extractable)]
#[extractable(SshProtocolTypes)]
pub enum SshMessage {
    KexInit(KexInitMessage),
    KexEcdhInit(KexEcdhInitMessage),
    KexEcdhReply(KexEcdhReplyMessage),
    NewKeys,
}

declare_name_list!(KexAlgorithms);
declare_name_list!(SignatureSchemes);
declare_name_list!(EncryptionAlgorithms);
declare_name_list!(MacAlgorithms);
declare_name_list!(CompressionAlgorithms);

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Extractable)]
#[extractable(SshProtocolTypes)]
pub struct KexInitMessage {
    pub cookie: [u8; 16],
    pub kex_algorithms: KexAlgorithms,
    pub server_host_key_algorithms: SignatureSchemes,
    pub encryption_algorithms_server_to_client: EncryptionAlgorithms,
    pub encryption_algorithms_client_to_server: EncryptionAlgorithms,
    pub mac_algorithms_client_to_server: MacAlgorithms,
    pub mac_algorithms_server_to_client: MacAlgorithms,
    pub compression_algorithms_client_to_server: CompressionAlgorithms,
    pub compression_algorithms_server_to_client: CompressionAlgorithms,
    pub languages_client_to_server: NameList,
    pub languages_server_to_client: NameList,
    pub first_kex_packet_follows: bool,
}

impl Codec for KexInitMessage {
    fn encode(&self, bytes: &mut Vec<u8>) {
        bytes.extend_from_slice(&self.cookie);

        self.kex_algorithms.encode(bytes);
        self.server_host_key_algorithms.encode(bytes);
        self.encryption_algorithms_server_to_client.encode(bytes);
        self.encryption_algorithms_client_to_server.encode(bytes);
        self.mac_algorithms_client_to_server.encode(bytes);
        self.mac_algorithms_server_to_client.encode(bytes);
        self.compression_algorithms_client_to_server.encode(bytes);
        self.compression_algorithms_server_to_client.encode(bytes);
        self.languages_client_to_server.encode(bytes);
        self.languages_server_to_client.encode(bytes);

        (self.first_kex_packet_follows as u8).encode(bytes);
        0u32.encode(bytes);
    }

    fn read(reader: &mut Reader) -> Option<Self> {
        let mut cookie = [0; 16];
        cookie[..].clone_from_slice(reader.take(16)?);
        let message = KexInitMessage {
            cookie,
            kex_algorithms: KexAlgorithms::read(reader)?,
            server_host_key_algorithms: SignatureSchemes::read(reader)?,
            encryption_algorithms_server_to_client: EncryptionAlgorithms::read(reader)?,
            encryption_algorithms_client_to_server: EncryptionAlgorithms::read(reader)?,
            mac_algorithms_client_to_server: MacAlgorithms::read(reader)?,
            mac_algorithms_server_to_client: MacAlgorithms::read(reader)?,
            compression_algorithms_client_to_server: CompressionAlgorithms::read(reader)?,
            compression_algorithms_server_to_client: CompressionAlgorithms::read(reader)?,
            languages_client_to_server: NameList::read(reader)?,
            languages_server_to_client: NameList::read(reader)?,
            first_kex_packet_follows: u8::read(reader)? != 0,
        };

        u32::read(reader)?; // read reserved
        Some(message)
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Extractable)]
#[extractable(SshProtocolTypes)]
pub struct KexEcdhInitMessage {
    #[extractable_no_recursion]
    pub ephemeral_public_key: Vec<u8>,
}

impl Codec for KexEcdhInitMessage {
    fn encode(&self, bytes: &mut Vec<u8>) {
        (self.ephemeral_public_key.len() as u32).encode(bytes);
        bytes.extend_from_slice(&self.ephemeral_public_key);
    }

    fn read(reader: &mut Reader) -> Option<Self> {
        let length = u32::read(reader)?;
        let ephemeral_public_key = Vec::from(reader.take(length as usize)?);
        Some(KexEcdhInitMessage {
            ephemeral_public_key,
        })
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Extractable)]
#[extractable(SshProtocolTypes)]
pub struct KexEcdhReplyMessage {
    #[extractable_no_recursion]
    pub public_host_key: Vec<u8>,
    #[extractable_no_recursion]
    pub ephemeral_public_key: Vec<u8>,
    #[extractable_no_recursion]
    pub signature: Vec<u8>,
}

impl Codec for KexEcdhReplyMessage {
    fn encode(&self, bytes: &mut Vec<u8>) {
        (self.public_host_key.len() as u32).encode(bytes);
        bytes.extend_from_slice(&self.public_host_key);
        (self.ephemeral_public_key.len() as u32).encode(bytes);
        bytes.extend_from_slice(&self.ephemeral_public_key);
        (self.signature.len() as u32).encode(bytes);
        bytes.extend_from_slice(&self.signature);
    }

    fn read(reader: &mut Reader) -> Option<Self> {
        let length = u32::read(reader)?;
        let public_host_key = Vec::from(reader.take(length as usize)?);
        let length = u32::read(reader)?;
        let ephemeral_public_key = Vec::from(reader.take(length as usize)?);
        let length = u32::read(reader)?;
        let signature = Vec::from(reader.take(length as usize)?);
        Some(KexEcdhReplyMessage {
            public_host_key,
            ephemeral_public_key,
            signature,
        })
    }
}

impl Codec for SshMessage {
    fn encode(&self, bytes: &mut Vec<u8>) {
        match self {
            SshMessage::KexInit(inner) => {
                20u8.encode(bytes);
                inner.encode(bytes);
            }
            SshMessage::NewKeys => {
                21u8.encode(bytes);
            }
            SshMessage::KexEcdhInit(inner) => {
                30u8.encode(bytes);
                inner.encode(bytes);
            }
            SshMessage::KexEcdhReply(inner) => {
                31u8.encode(bytes);
                inner.encode(bytes);
            }
        }
    }

    fn read(reader: &mut Reader) -> Option<Self> {
        let typ = u8::read(reader)?;

        match typ {
            20u8 => Some(SshMessage::KexInit(KexInitMessage::read(reader)?)),
            21u8 => Some(SshMessage::NewKeys),
            30u8 => Some(SshMessage::KexEcdhInit(KexEcdhInitMessage::read(reader)?)),
            31u8 => Some(SshMessage::KexEcdhReply(KexEcdhReplyMessage::read(reader)?)),
            _ => None,
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<&BinaryPacket> for SshMessage {
    type Error = String;

    fn try_from(packet: &BinaryPacket) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        let mut reader = Reader::init(&packet.payload);
        SshMessage::read(&mut reader).ok_or_else(|| "Can not parse payload".to_string())
    }
}

impl ProtocolMessage<SshProtocolTypes, RawSshMessage> for SshMessage {
    fn create_opaque(&self) -> RawSshMessage {
        let mut payload = Vec::new();
        self.encode(&mut payload);

        let random_padding = Vec::from([0; 7]); // todo: calc proper padding

        RawSshMessage::Packet(BinaryPacket {
            payload,
            random_padding,
            mac: vec![], // todo: calc proper mac
        })
    }

    fn debug(&self, info: &str) {
        log::debug!("{}: {:?}", info, self)
    }
}

impl TryFrom<RawSshMessage> for SshMessage {
    type Error = ();

    fn try_from(value: RawSshMessage) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        let message = if let RawSshMessage::Packet(packet) = &value {
            match SshMessage::try_from(packet) {
                Ok(message) => Some(message),
                Err(_) => None,
            }
        } else {
            None
        };
        message.ok_or(())
    }
}

impl OpaqueProtocolMessage<SshProtocolTypes> for RawSshMessage {
    fn debug(&self, info: &str) {
        log::debug!("{}: {:?}", info, self)
    }
}

impl Codec for RawSshMessage {
    fn encode(&self, bytes: &mut Vec<u8>) {
        match self {
            RawSshMessage::Banner(banner) => {
                bytes.extend_from_slice(banner.as_bytes());
            }
            RawSshMessage::Packet(packet) => packet.encode(bytes),
            RawSshMessage::OnWire(data) => bytes.extend_from_slice(&data.0),
        }
    }

    fn read(reader: &mut Reader) -> Option<Self> {
        let banner = "SSH-2.0-libssh_0.10.4\r\n"; // FIXME: hardcoded version of libssh
        let banner_bytes = banner.as_bytes();

        let is_banner = if let Some(received) = reader.peek(banner_bytes.len()) {
            received == banner_bytes
        } else {
            false
        };

        if is_banner {
            reader.take(banner_bytes.len())?;
            Some(RawSshMessage::Banner(banner.to_string()))
        } else {
            Some(RawSshMessage::Packet(BinaryPacket::read(reader)?))
        }
    }
}

atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, String);
atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, OnWireData);
atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, u8);
atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, u64);
atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, NameList);
atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, CompressionAlgorithms);
atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, EncryptionAlgorithms);
atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, KexAlgorithms);
atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, [u8; 16]);
atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, MacAlgorithms);
atom_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, SignatureSchemes);
dummy_extract_knowledge!(SshProtocolTypes, bool);